Why are brands are important?

Why are brands are important? Introduction : Today the brand is a word which we always hear, it has one important place in our societies. However, few people could define really what is the brand. This difficulty shows that the brand is a complex word, sending back in notion highly varied such as the psychology, the sociology, the finance, etc. As regards the marketing aspect, we often tend to confuse product and brand. Whereas the brand bases itself more particularly on (the image, the sensibility, a mission). We can ask ourself, what is a brand? In a definition, Georges Lewi, eminent specialist of the brand says that its the name and the group of the signs of a product, a service, a company that have for vocation to impose by their fame, market share, added value on a defined market segment. More and more, the brands have taken of importance in the management, and more particularly in the marketing. We noticed that the brand is not only a factories, products, but also the brand had a physical value, emotional value and especially financial. The measure of this value called the equity brand. The first is the financiers who show an attention on this notion of brand equity in the 80s. We saw that Perrier had been buy by Nestlà © for 2,4 billion euro, Coca-Cola had offered 800 million euro for the acquisition of Orangina which was worth for only 200 million euro, or sold Buitoni 35 times its profits. From then on, we cannot deny the importance of the brand equity, and the brand in generally, indeed it allows to build a credibility at the consumers, at the investors, and all the company. In this essay we talk about brand equity. In a first time we see that the brand equity has been a attention topic by the academic and practitioner. And after we are going to try to find the most brand equity model in terms of understanding consumer brand perceptions. 2-brand equity interest More of $50 million, it is the considerable costs of introducing a brand into a consumer market. It is a considerable investment and like most investments carries no guarantee of success. The recession focussed marketing managers on cost-saving tactics to increase competitiveness. One of the most important effects was to make brand extensions more compelling. Leveraging the brand equity of a successful brand promises to make introduction of a new entry less costly by trading on an established name. Since the early 1990s, The concept of brand equity has been the subject of a number of studies academics practitioners and academics primarily due to the importance in todays maintaining, marketplace of building and using brands to obtain strategic advantage. The brand equity has been described frequently as the value a brand name adds to a product and this concept refers to the basic idea that a products value to consumers, the firm and the trade is somehow enhanced when it is associated or identified over time with a set of unique elements that define the brand concept. Distinctly, such brand equity endowments come from current or potential consumer learning which influences how the product is encoded and behaved upon by consumers. It stands to reason that such learning is dynamic and influences consumer choice processes and outcomes either directly or indirectly by influencing the effectiveness of the branded products marketing mix elements. This increasing interest observed both in the literature and in the practice for the notion of leading capital is initially aroused for manager reasons. Indeed the managers to face up to a less and less stable request in markets, a more and more intense and international competition, faster and faster technological changes and more and more powerful distributors today. In these conditions of a turbulent market, an option consists in abandoning the marketing and commercial shares on the short-term profits and in adopting a vision longer term based on the construction of powerful brands that is a strong leading capital (Czellar and Denis, 2002). Another reason has also contributed to this interest for the brand equity. Kapferer see in 1998 that the mergers and acquisitions of companies which occurred during the last years, has stir up the problem of the financial evaluation of the value of assets of the firm in generally and the assets of the brands in particular.Two levels of analysis of brand equity are possible: the study of brand equity as value for the consumers customer-based equity brand or as financial value for firms firm-based equity brand . The concept of brand equity have been different definitions in the literature. Aaker defined in 1991 the brand equity as a set of brand assets and liabilities linked to a brand, its name and symbol, that add to or subtract from the value provided by a product or service to a firm ,or to the firms customers. In 1993 Keller proposed a cognitive psychology perspective, distinctive customer-based brand equity as the differential effect that brand knowledge has on consumer response to the marketing of that brand. In 1998 Erdem and Swait, dopting an information economics view, they argue that consumer-based brand equity is the value of a brand as a credible signal of a products position. More generally, Farquhar (1989) see that the brand equity is often referred to as the added value to the firm, the trade, or the cons umer with which a brand endows a product, or likewise, as the difference between the value of the product without that branding and the value of the branded product to the consumer (McQueen, 1991). Finally the brand equity has been subject attention because the many studies of consumer brand in different market show that successful brand extensions spent less on advertising than comparable new name products. Considering the savings and against the costs, brand extension may seem like a good alternative for some firm. This concept brand equity is today again one point of discord between the academics and practitioners. So the brand equity will be always a topic studie. 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Families in a Modern Society-Victorians

Victorian Times- 1837-1901 What do Victorian times mean? Victorian times means during Victoria's rule. The time Queen Victoria was on the throne. She ruled for 64 years. What was it like living in the Victorian times? There was no electricity, instead gas lamps or candles were used for light. There were no cars. People walked, travelled by boat or train or used coach horses to move from place to place. Why are the Victorians so famous? Britain managed to build a huge empire during the Victorian period. It was also a time of tremendous change in the lives of British people.In 1837 most people lived in villages and worked on the land; by 1901, most lived in towns and worked in offices, shops and factories. During Queen Victoria's reign: †¢Britain became the most powerful and richest country in the world, with the largest empire that had ever existed, ruling a quarter of the world's population. †¢Towns and cities got piped water, gas and, by the end of the century, electricity †¢The number of people living in Britain more than doubled from 16 million to 37 million, causing a huge demand for food, clothes and housing. Factories and machines were built to meet this demand and new towns grew up, changing the landscape and the ways people lived and worked. †¢Railways, originally built to transport goods, meant people could travel easily around the country for the first time. Railways brought new foods to towns and cities. †¢Many households had a servant or servants – in 1891, 2 million servants were recorded in the census †¢Seaside holidays were ‘invented' (became popular). †¢Police Force ‘invented'. †¢New cookers and gadgets for the home were invented.What was Family life like during the Victorian times? Your quality of life during the Victorian times depended on whether you were rich or poor. Rich Victorians enjoyed a good and easy life; Poor Victorians had a rough and hard life, often ending up in the workh ouse or early death. How many children did a normal Victorian family have? Families were usually large; in 1870 many families had five or six children. Victorian Children Life was not the same for all children during the Victorian times. The kind of life a child had in the Victorian times depended on its family.Children from working class families had few luxuries, ate poor food, worked long hours lived in damp, filthy conditions, many children died of disease. Children from rich families usually well fed, clean and well clothed, didn’t need to work, went on holidays, had expensive toys, and had pets such as ponies. What did child call his/her father? They called their fathers ‘sir ‘Each member of the family had their own role and children were taught to â€Å"know their place† and â€Å"be seen and not heard. Religion Region was very important to the Victorians.A great number of people went to church, at least once and probably twice, every Sunday. Food At the beginning of the Victorian period, people relied on the foods that were in season and available locally or those which had been pickled or preserved. Later, when the railways were built, many new fresh foods were available. The invention of the steam ship, and of transport refrigeration, meant that also meat, fish and fruit could be imported from overseas quite cheaply.There were no fridges and freezes in the homes to keep food for a long time, so meals were limited by small shops. Clothing Victorian people dressed appropriately to their age, and position in society Toys Poor families made their own, such as cloth-peg dolls and paper windmills. Rich Children Girls played with dolls and tea sets whilst boys played with toy soldiers and marbles. Housing Most cities and towns were not prepared for the great increase of people looking for accommodation to live near their work place.There was a shortage of houses; so many people had to share a room in other people’s houses. Rooms were rented to whole families or perhaps several families. Often ten or twelve people shared one room. If there were no rooms to rent, people stayed in lodging houses. Many factory owners built houses for their workers near their factories. The houses were built close together really quickly and cheaply. These houses often had two rooms downstairs and two rooms upstairs. They were not really big enough for the large families people tended to have during the Victorian time.The houses also did not have running water and toilets. Up to 100 houses had to share an outdoor pump to get their water and share an outside toilet. To make things worse, the water from the pump was often polluted. 21st century The 21st century is the current century (today) What is it like living in the 21st century times? We live in an exciting time. Never before in the history are there so many resources available for individuals. Never before in the history are there so many opportunities for us. Here, in the 21st century, lack of resources or opportunities is no longer a problem.The problem is how to take advantage of them We now have electricity, instead of gas lamps or candles. We have gas central heating for instant hot water and heat at the touch of a button. We have cars and public transport, people seldom walk. What is Family life like during the 21st century times? A mixture of different families in the modern society defines the 21st century life. One parent families, dysfunctional families, traditional families, nuclear families and reconstituted families. How many children are normal for the 21st century family have? Families of the 21st Century come in all shapes and sizes.Divorce, remarriage, parenting out-of-wedlock and a host of other variables have turned nuclear families into the exception rather than the norm. 21st Century Children The twenty-first century is known for its cool gadgets and gizmos MP3 Players, iPhones, DVD's. The surge in Internet use and social n etworking. From Facebook to My space, everyone is online, and hooking up with other likeminded individuals from all over the planet. Another important technological phenomenon is the widespread use of wireless technology. Children have many luxuries, eat well, do not work, go on holidays, have expensive toys, many have pets.Children live in clean, humane conditions; have vaccinations and medicines to protect against disease. Laws are in place to protect the health and safety of children. Food Improving people's health through healthy foods available 24-7 from supermarkets where everything is provided and available. Local shops are also available and Take always and cafes etc. For eating out. Clothing Ready to wear industry, expensive and unique fashion styles. Housing Housing is now provided by the local council for you and your family, sharing with other families and overcrowding is against the law.

Monsieur Meursault In Camuss book The Stranger - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1013 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/08/02 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Stranger Essay Did you like this example? Â  Albert Camuss book The Stranger contains a very complex character, Monsieur Meursault. Meursault has complete indifference to the world around him. His attitude towards the lack of meaning in everything is easily relatable for many, until the effects of his indifference catches up to him and manifests itself. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Monsieur Meursault In Camuss book The Stranger" essay for you Create order The common philosophy that many place Meursault in is nihilism. Meursaults distinct philosophical characteristics provide a view of nihilism and his inevitable acceptance of death gave him meaning to life, which is the fact that he lived. Meursaults complete indifference to his surroundings and his prioritization of his needs before emotion, places him closer to nihilism. In the beginning of The Stranger he shows absolutely no emotion towards the death of his mother as he doesnt display any emotion during the funeral except for annoyance towards [t]he glare on the white walls was making me drowsy(9) and the constant mentions of the women who was crying softly, steadily, in little sobs(10). His display of indifference follows him throughout the novel. After he comes back from the funeral, he begins people watching from his window, and comes to the realization that one more Sunday was over, that Maman was buried now, that I was going back to work, and that, really, nothing had changed(14). Although he experienced the death of his mother everything else is as if nothing happened and therefore Meursault conclude that the death of his mother does not matter. His physical needs are placed in priority compared to anything. Some would say that his relationship with Marie would be completely physical and non-emotional for him. The evidence for this is quite clear after he says to Marie that marriage to her didnt make any difference to [him] and that we could if she wanted to(41). She then asks him if he loves her in which answered the same way [he] had the last time(41). His complete indifference is very similar to those that follow the existential nihilist ways. Friederich Nietzsche is the philosopher that created nihilism in western cul ture. He believed that one should act as if they would if they had to reenact that day for eternity. So in laymans terms you should live your life they way you want to, and not allow for self-denial to overcome your freedom. Since Meursault completely allows his needs to overtake him some would say that he isnt a nihilist, but he does as he wants to and recognizes the choice that he has in his actions. He also completely reject morals, as does Nietzsche, as he finds nothing wrong with the murder of the Arab, or the letter that Raymond asked him to write to his girlfriend. In this way he is even more distant from society. My philosophy is a slight variation of existential nihilism, but I find that such things that have logical purpose, and that purpose is not found by the individual but by the collective whole. Meursault finds meaning when he begins to recognize the past. The analysis of Meursaults psyche forces him to confront his past actions. The main action that they focussed on was his lack of emotion during his mothers funeral. Meursault believes that the mention of this was co mpletely irrelevant to the case, but it does affect what he thinks about while imprisoned throughout the trial. He begins to remember physical things and the emotions that he is given with those things, such as the ice cream bells. These memories inevitably lead him to the epiphany that the meaning to his life is that he lived. When the trial is over and he is put on death row, Meursault recognizes that he will inevitably die, but he also recognizes that he should come to his own moral conclusion as it is apart of the process. He concludes that he doesnt have morals and that his life hadnt any meaning, but his death is meaningful due to the amount of people who had come to watch him die. He then embraces the hatred of the people, because it gives his death meaning. This is very similar to Nietzsches belief in which meaning can only be decided by the person, and any other meaning to life is considered meaningless to tat person. Meursault displays this when he attacks the chaplain. The chaplain attempts to push his religious beliefs on Meursault which is also an attempt to have Meursault find meaning. Although the chaplain is unsuccessful in helping Meursault find meaning and closure to his life, he is at the same time successful as well. The chaplains ignorance to Meursaults philosophy angers Meursault, but it forces him to come to the conclusion that although his life was meaningless, his death has meaning. My philosophy is somewhat different. I believe that there isnt any meaning to life or death of one person. In order to make ones life meaningful they must find a way to impact the society and not themselves. This can be achieved through creation, whether it be physical or not. In the end the morals of a person do not matter, but the ideas that the person had on life, and problems within society, are the things that matter in ones life. Although I do believe that the purpose of The Stranger from Albert Camuss view is not to define Meursault to a specific philosophy, society has made it its purpose. Therefore this is a book that not only forces its audience to confront a diffic ult and complex philosophy, and can even impact their own philosophy. For myself, this book did indeed modify my philosophy, but it wasnt any significant change. The reason for this books literary significance then becomes clear when one recognizes the impact it plays on a society. This complex character demonstrates the literary skill that Camus has, but it shows the world that you can have a character so complex that the world will focus on that character and compare it to themselves. In that way it has purpose but, like Meursault, that purpose is found towards the end of its journey.

Language As A Form Of Communication Essay - 1388 Words

Culture may be defined as the thoughts, behaviors, languages, customs, the things we produce and the methods we use to produce them. The human ability to create and transmit culture is what differentiates us, as humans, from the rest of the animal world. The essential feature of culture, that it is learned and transmitted from one generation to the next, rests on the human capacity to think symbolically. Language, perhaps the most important feature, is a symbolic form of communication. Language is a form of communication. Without language, culture could not be transmitted, people could not learn from one another across generations, and there would be no cultural continuity. Language has evolved over the years as a tool for communicating symbolic meaning. It has become a cross-cultural tool for expression. Today, there are millions of various dialects, modes of pronunciation, and individual styles of language use. Theories about language abound and continue to flow forth from institu tions and thinkers worldwide. According to Marnie Riddle’s exploration of language, there should be a strong stance on the importance of language to philosophy and vice versa. One is essentially co-dependent on the other today. Riddle evaluates the ability of language to portray concepts and objective facts. Benjamin Whorf, as Brian Skotko explains in his paper, would have noticed that languages allow for similar patterns of thought. Instead of striving for total correctness in meaning andShow MoreRelatedLanguage As A Form Of Communication Essay1223 Words   |  5 Pageshumans have a unique form of communication. We are the only species capable of using language as a form of communication. Think about the first people and how difficult it would have been for them to communicate without language. 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